Frankseco Yorke (p)

Hanane Llouh

Sweden has a long history of receiving refugees. Scholars have found that refugees experience disparities in socioeconomic outcomes relative to the native-born population. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the socioeconomic prospects of native-born children of refugees (the second generation, G2). While the extent of adaptive patterns existing among the G2 in general has been researched, little is known about the G2 children of refugees, despite the additional obstacles faced by their parents. In addition to increased risks of poorer health, one of these obstacles is the fact that refugees typically have fewer opportunities to determine where they live.

Using longitudinal register data of the Swedish population, we apply advanced regression techniques to compare outcomes of persons born between 1990 and 2005. We investigate whether the educational outcomes of the G2 children of refugees in Sweden are influenced by their residential location. We also examine the impact of the area-level education (general educational level of residents in an area), as well as the migrant/refugee student compositions on educational outcomes. Comparisons are made between the G2 children of refugees and the Swedish-born children of Swedish-born parents, as well as with foreign-born children of refugees. Country of origin differentials are also explored.

The study provides insights that can inform the under-researched patterns of adaptation for the G2 children of refugees. It adds to the research on systematic inequality and linkages between inequality and segregation. Our results demonstrate how patterns of inequality vary. We suggest possible consequences and propose suggestions for further research.

Hanane Llouh (p), Joris Beckers

Frankseco Yorke

This paper explores the interaction between migration, (sub)urbanization, and ethnic entrepreneurship in Flemish local commercial districts. Ethnic entrepreneurship has become an increasingly important and studied aspect of urban economies and has been recognized as a way for migrants to overcome social and economic barriers (Volery T., 2017). This paper builds on previous research that has highlighted the importance of social networks, economic integration, and cultural capital for ethnic entrepreneurs (Waldinger et al., 1990, Kesteloot C. and Mistiaen P., 2005). Using quantitative and qualitative data such as in depth interviews with ethnic entrepreneurs, we answer the question on how local policy makers are handling this phenomena in Flandres. The main finding on this subject is the importance of a healthy entrepreneurial environment. Urban diversity comes with challenges, but also opportunities for example tackling the problem of commercial vacancy in a local commercial district. Local policy makers should as such create a more supportive environment.