Jungyong(James) Park (p), Na Jumong

Sílvia Fernandes

The concentration of young populations from small and medium-sized cities to nearby major cities or the capital region is a global phenomenon, not just limited to South Korea. Since 2017, the population distribution in the capital region, centered around Seoul, has accounted for more than half of South Korea's total population, and this trend continues. This study aims to investigate the impact of local satisfaction on local settlement among young people living in the Gwangju area. Specifically, it analyzes whether young people's local experiences have a moderating effect on this relationship. Based on a survey of young people in Gwangju, the study employs Baron & Kenny's three-step multiple regression analysis to verify the moderating effects. The results indicate that economic satisfaction and socio-cultural satisfaction, along with local experiences, positively influence young people's local settlement. It was found that experiences during primary and secondary school did not have any moderating effect on the relationship between local satisfaction and settlement. However, local and work experiences showed a reinforcing moderating effect when economic and satisfaction with education and medical services positively influenced local settlement. Conversely, local and work experiences did not show any moderating effects regarding satisfaction with interpersonal relationships, familiarity, and likability. Contrary to general expectations, the lack of a moderating effect of school experiences on the relationship between local satisfaction and settlement among young people is noteworthy. Therefore, the policy implications of these findings suggest that local experiences during young adulthood are crucial for local settlement. It is essential to accumulate sufficient local experiences through Community-Based Learning. Additionally, primary and secondary schools should provide ample out-of-school programs in collaboration with the local community to give adolescents opportunities to experience the local society.

Sk Md Nur E Alam (p)

Jungyong (James) Park

Cities are expanding with an exponential increase of population with endangering the social, economic and environmental issues. Unequivocally, urban gardening helps for sustainable city development. Thus, scientists must create measures to direct public decision-making for gardening activities. Synchronization is required between policy makers and urban residence by considering the urgency of city gardening. Adoption of gardening practice require several extension activities. Urban ecosystem services will be strong by strengthening the policy regarding urban gardening. Urban gardening seems to be a jointly developed and integrated process within complex social-ecological systems, rather than merely a design of systems or structures, according to the resilience concept. Urban gardening is placed within the conceptual contexts of resilience and sustainability, which will be discussed by examining their similarities and contrasts, with a special emphasis on planning components. The objectives are: 1. To develop a framework of holistic approach in building city resilience, 2. To involve different stakeholder in the way of active and effective participation of decision processes and 3. To integrate urban gardening in different planning principles and approaches. A diverse group of experts is involved in the methodology. Resilience indicators will be evaluated using qualitative methods. This research will focus on the planning instrument for urban sustainability and resilience. It also promotes the in-depth involvement of city residents and different stakeholders from several institutions.

Priyadarshini Sen (p)

Sk Md Nur E Alam

Abstract
An urban fringe area known for its excellent growth of crops like cow peas, snake gourds and brinjal, Bidadi has been marked significantly in the industrial map of Karnataka in recent times. The project of Bidadi Smart City Local Planning Area faces quite a challenge to accommodate the growing population of Bengaluru city. As the years passed, there have been growing concerns of the future of the agricultural lands which are most likely to be taken up for urbanization process. The paper studies such situation of a rural fringe of Bidadi which holds the promise of sustainable urbanization and the urge of conserving the renewable resources available there. The disparities at demography, the concerns of pollution, the vanishing agricultural lands are all the kaleidoscope of any growing urban area that may be drawn and re-drawn a number of times. It has been attempted to do so in this paper with much dilemmas highlighted. Thankfully, recent urban-planning efforts in Bidadi have been much more sustainable promoting integrated crop cultivation methods, regular cleaning of the river, regulating zones exclusive for forest activities and promoting energy generation from solar panels and effective rainwater harvesting for industrial needs. Such analysis may be exemplary for further researches in the field of urban planning and development in Asian cities.

Oluwole Paul, Ahmed Hamza , Ajayi Samson, Sílvia Fernandes (p)

Priyadarshini Sen

Tourism has emerged as a driving force for regional development, exerting a profound impact on the economic and social landscape of regions where tourism activities are prevalent. It catalyzes integrating less developed regions and ensuring their equitable participation in the benefits of economic growth. This research delves into the contribution of tourism to regional development in Macedonia. Specifically, the study examines and compares eight planning regions from a tourism perspective, emphasizing the importance of incorporating tourism planning into development strategies. The analysis is based on stylized facts extracted from secondary data spanning a decade but focusing from 2018 to 2022. The findings reveal that the South-West region emerges as the leading statistical region in Macedonia as a tourism destination. However, in terms of its contributions to the GDP and employment rates, it has lost ground. This work underscores the need for a robust framework to address modest results and formulate sound economic and tourism policies. Additionally, enhancing competitiveness and quality of tourism at regional and local levels, as well as fostering sustainable and balanced tourism development, are identified as critical challenges.