Elena Cigu , Andor Toni Cigu (p)

Medical services show permanent changes as a result of multi-factor intervention, of which we highlight technology evolution, health policies, demographic changes, etc. In the case of Romania, the health policies and hence the quality and quantity of medical services recorded major changes during 1990-2019. One of the medical services with a very strong evolution is dental medicine, because there is a greater recognition that oral health has important spillover effects on physical health more generally. Also, there are both economic and medical developments of good oral health. We firstly aim to provide the context and the development of health legal framework and the state of Oral Health System and the provision of dental medical services in Romanian regions. Then, we develop a regression model for evaluating the relationship between oral health policies and the level of socio-economic development and apply it for the case of regions of Romania over the period of time 2004-2015. Complete answers on the impact of oral health policies are not likely to be certain but, overall, the evidence strongly supports that well defined and targeted oral health policies may help in promoting socio-economic development, but there is still need to take a few more steps to define the best legal framework for Romania.

Ryuta Mori (p), Kazunori Nakajima, Naoki Sakamoto, Masafumi Morisugi, Eiji Ohno

In recent years, based on data of the happiness survey aimed at clarifying determinants of subjective happiness, economic evaluation of various mortality risks can be implemented. So, we conducted the happiness survey through the internet-based questionnaire survey about thousands of people in Japan, estimate a happiness function using an ordered response model, and measure the value of a statistical life (VSL).
As a result, the characteristics of VSL by attribute are similar to the tendencies of existing studies. On the other hand, the VSL measured by us was smaller than VSL (about estimated by the Japanese government agency) commonly used in Japan by about one order of magnitude. By the way, VSL depends greatly on relative risk aversion degree. In fact, there are cases where existing research uses the value of relative risk aversion degree different from ours. In other words, it is thought that this is why the VSL measured by us has become a small value.
Therefore, we tried to solve the problem with the following procedure. Firstly, VSL measurement was performed again using data obtained in the above survey and the relative risk aversion degree used in the existing study. Next, we calibrated the VSL that we first estimated to the VSL which is commonly used in Japan, and tried to estimate the relative risk aversion degree. Finally, based on these results, we examined the optimal relative risk aversion degree for use in VSL measurement based on the happiness survey.

Clémence Baudin (p), Marie Lefevre, Jenny Selander,Marie-Christine Charlier, Patricia Champelovier ,Jacques Lambert,Bernard Laumon, Anna Hansell, Anne-Sophie Evrard

Introduction
HYENA (HYpertension and Exposure to Noise near Airports), a well-known study on the health effects of aircraft noise, involved 4,861 participants from six European countries (except France). DEBATS (Discussion on the health effects of aircraft noise), a study with a similar protocol, included 1,244 participants from France.

Saliva samples were obtained for 439 and 954 participants in HYENA and DEBATS respectively, to determine cortisol concentration as a possible marker of noise-induced stress. Associations were found between aircraft noise and cortisol levels in each study separately, but they were not consistent between the two studies. The objective of the present study was to combine datasets to improve statistical power.

Methods
We investigated the associations between aircraft noise levels and, the log-cortisol levels in the morning and in the evening, and the log-relative variation per hour, adjusted for relevant confounders.

Results
We found evidence in women for an increase in the log-evening cortisol level β=0.09 (95%CI 0.01;0.17), and for flattening of the log-relative variation per hour β=-0.09 (95%CI -0.16;-0.02), with a LDEN 10-dB(A) increase, but no significant effects were found in men.

Conclusions
These findings provide some support for psychological stress induced by aircraft noise exposure, resulting in disruption of hormonal rhythms.

Italo Oikawa, Ricardo Lopes (p), Cassia Favoretto Costa

The Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) estimates that, in Brazil, transport accidents, homicides and suicides together account for about two-thirds of deaths from external causes. Also, it is known that rates per 100,000 inhabitants are considerably higher in the population of young male adults, that is, a significant portion of the economically active population ceases to operate because of these deaths. In this paper, the Inoperability Input-Output Model (IIM) analysis is applied for estimating the economic impacts of disruptive events on interconnected economic systems, such as transport accidents, homicide, and suicide deaths in the economy of the Brazilian states in 2011 and 2013.