Alexandra Sandu (p), Lydia Coudroy de Lille, Octavian Groza

The fall of the communism represents an important element in the history and geography of Central and Eastern Europe. It is clear that its impact was not only on the institutional, political and socio-economic processes, but also on the urban morphology and functionality. Nevertheless, the most often, in the literature, these particularities are explained through the prism of the first processes mentioned above, while the quantification of the spatial processes is quasi-absent. Therefore, this research aims to outline some of the morphological and functional spatial patterns that characterize the post-socialist city from countries of Central and Eastern Europe that are members of the European Union. Using a quantitative methodology, that combines both statistical and GIS methods, the study analyses 132 cities, chosen based on demographic criteria, but also in regard to their position in the national hierarchy. Consequently, the main questions of the study focus on identifying what particularities (if any) can be identified for the morphological and functional pattern of the cities from Central and Eastern Europe? What role (if any) plays the socialist heritage in the spatial patterns of the urban development of post-socialist cities from Eastern and Central Europe? And finally, are there similarities or dissimilarities in regard to the western European city?

Alexander Pilyasov (p), Nadezhda Zamyatina

An ambitious task has been undertaken to create a new theory of colonization on three main sources - the Soviet development school, the European school of regional science, the North American school of frontier. The tradition of linking the development process with the location of productive forces is taken from the Soviet school. From the European regional science, the idea has been taken that any social process in the regions is subject to general laws in the spirit of the theory of endogenous economic growth. From the North American frontier theory, an idea was taken of the innovative search for new opportunities for economic development in the newly developed territory.
A comparison has been made of the nature of the development process then and now, and it had been concluded that today, in general, the modern process of economic development is characterized by a significantly greater spatial unevenness, center-periphery, multiactor, unprecedented role of resource corporations as agents of glocalization; the heterogeneity of time according to the stages of the development process (which was expressed significantly weaker in the planned administrative-command model of colonization) and the enormous role of project management (project financing, project legislation, tailored to a specific project of a new resource development). The peculiarity of modern development is that it implies the coexistence of two schemes - mastering “from scratch” and on the foundation of the former infrastructural development, which have different effects and patterns on territorial structures, development cycles, etc.
Integration of global and local scales is considered on the example of resource corporations as superactors of colonization of the Northern territories, in whose activities both a global and a local element are present. The study of spatial strategies and behavior of MNCs is first used to study the territorial configurations of new development in three northern and arctic territories: for example, the territorial structure of licensed areas of the oil and gas corporations of Ugra, the oil capital of Russia, the territorial structure of license areas of oil and gas companies in the Arctic Nenets autonomous Okrug, and the territorial structure of NovaTEK in the Yamal, the gas capital of Russia.
This three-year (2018-2020) project is financed through the grant of the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research № 18-05-00600.

Geunmo Park (p), Jaerak Ahn

The old city center of Gwangyang town was formed from Gwanyang-eupseong Fortress that was the center of the region for a long time. Currently, urban decline phenomenon has arisen from the decrease in population and growth of unoccupied houses resulting from new town development. As a result, Priority Projects for Urban Regeneration of Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport of Korea is in motion.
‘Hanok(Traditional house types of Korea)’ and ‘Alley’ are conserved built environment that clearly showing the change of residential area and characteristic of life in Gwangyang town. However, Hanoks were worn out and allies lost vitality. The deterioration of housing accelerated the decline of this area.
The purpose of this study is to find the characteristic and to make a conservation plan of the traditional residential area for the urban regeneration of the old city center of Gwangyang.
The results are as follows: 1) The urban tissue of residential area in the old city center has been maintained so far and Hanoks are preserved in various forms. 2) There are several types of Hanok such as southern style folk house, 1970s and 80’s improvement one and extended Hanok. 3) Hanoks are generally getting worn out and there is concerned about exacerbating housing problem in high dense Hanok area on a narrow through alley.
In the current trend continues, it will be obvious that Hanok, cultural heritage of the community, are going to be disappeared and entire living conditions are getting worse.
Gwangyang Hanok residences will be regenerated through the following maintenance process.
First, the maintenance of a public house that worsen the living conditions of the surrounding area should be given priority. Also, Hanok which does not have a room occupant, is having difficulties in its own maintenance. It is considered that the support for individual Hanok maintenance is inevitable from the standpoint of the public.
The next step is to dismantle the parts of the extension that lost its need. In the 1980s, the rapidly increasing number of attached buildings, such as doorways, in order to secure housing, have lost their necessity now. If space is secured by the demolition of surplus space, it will be able to reveal the characteristic of Gwangyang Hanok which is characterized by relatively large lots. Also, it is necessary to construct new public housing and inflow of residents by utilizing surplus space.

Marie Wahlström (p), Bart Neuts (p), Karima Kourtit, Peter Nijkamp

In recent years there has been increased interest in local factors that shape the happiness of citizens in regard to their daily living and working environment (sometimes also coined ‘city love’ or ‘neighbourhood love’). This new strand of literature – often also framed in the context of the ‘geography of happiness’ – is an extension of quantitative socio-psychological research on determinants of affection for the living environment of urban inhabitants, including local quality-of-life, sense of community, place-based social capital, and so forth. This paper conceptualizes the effect of urban characteristics on place attachment and ‘city soul’ – as a measure of emotional connectedness to the city – in four Swedish cities: Stockholm, Malmö, Gotenborg, and Umeå. Resident surveys were conducted among a total of 2573 respondents and the relationship between variables and factors was tested via a Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM). A preliminary principal component analysis suggested six underlying factors in urban indicators: Aesthetics, Amenities, Accessibility, Safety and Health, City Image, and Green spaces. A PLS-SEM model on the full dataset revealed significant effects of Aesthetics, Amenities, Accessibility, Safety and Health, and City Image on place attachment. Furthermore, there was a direct positive effect of Aesthetics and City image on ‘city soul’ as well, which was further influenced by place attachment. City-level analysis revealed some place-specific differences. In general, Aesthetics seemed to be the most universal driver for place attachment while City image was the most important determinant to contribute to ‘city soul’ – in both cases with the exception of Malmö. Surprisingly, Green spaces did not show significance in any of the tested models.

Yi Hsuan Chen (p)

A study on Development Strategy in the Traditional Territories of Thao*
Yi-Hsuan Chen, Hsien-Hsin Cheng
ABSTRACT
The land movement of Taiwan indigenous people lasted for 30 years. Although the traditional areas and the rights to land are defined in the Indigenous People Basic Law. The issue of land has never been improved. The Spatial Planning Act adopted in 2016 will also set up the use zones according to demand. The goal is the sustainable development of cultural and tourism resources. In addition to competition, there is also a cooperative relationship. Land use and urban development must respect the traditional culture of indigenous peoples as a planning trend. But Taiwan often ignores the needs of groups when promoting development plan in their area. Caused the resistance of the tribes and the plan could not be implemented smoothly. In the face of public interests such as tourism and urban development, how to preserve ethnic culture and maintain the ecological environment is a task that must be considered now.
Based on literature review, Taiwan indigenous research is focused on policy. This study will focus on the relationship between cultural and ecological resources and regional development in traditional area. Research through case studies to understand the land development difficulties and analyze the main impact issues to figure out the key influencing factors. Then combine the preservation methods of cultural landscape to propose the development strategy and helpful the future project. Hope to achieve sustainable development goals for cultural and environmental resources.

Keywords：indigenous people、social impacts、sustainable development、cultural landscape

* The Thao is one of the Taiwan indigenous tribes. They lives in Yuchih Township and Shueili Township in Nantou County with a total of about 648 people.
Source:https://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=74A8B8BCC36345DA