Huiyuan Li (p), Yeong Kim , Soyoung Lee

With the development of the city, the population growth, the road gradually form a network. Road and the environment has become increasingly important, major urban road green space is urban green space system of network skeleton, it not only can make the urban green space, also can effectively improve the ecology. The first road green space and landscape effect is directly related to the form of people the impression of a city. Successful road green space is often the most intuitive form local characteristics. Because the road green belt or massive afforestation can make the urban green space together as a whole, can beautify the street, foil and improve the urban landscape. In modern cities, many artificial structures often makes urban landscape boring, lack of affinity; And green can give a person with a gentle quiet feeling on the vision, trees, shrubs, grass, flowers, with its different shape, color, and attract people, dotted with the road environment of the city. Second, road green space in addition to add to the urban landscape, green space layout can make some similar to distinguish the streets due to the different of green space, thus increasing the space can be identification. Therefore, the road greening and azimuth variety. So, there are three points to our purpose. The first is organize the traffic --- the trees are orderly and continuously planted on the outside of the bend, which can predict the road change and guide the drivers to change their vision and ensure the traffic safety. The second is Protection function --- road greenbelt plant landscape of the city of people, logistics, can flow transportation have positive protection, especially the relatively concentrated urban trunk road traffic, overpass intersection and other regions, arrangement of plant landscape can not only improve the road environment, but also to ensure driving safety. The last is blocking function road green plant landscape can form the isolation belt to cover the residents' life around the road. So I think the best way to do that is combined with the geographical conditions, improve the road landscape configuration, so as to improve the urban green space system. Among them, "ecological corridor" construction is crucial.

Vítor Martinho (p)

This work explores the networks inside the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of farms across European Union countries, considering data at the farm level from the Farm Accountancy Data network, as an average over the period 2012-2014. (A period of three years was considered to capture any annual fluctuation in the statistical information).
For the economic dimensions, variables such as farming output, current subsidies, farming input, gross investment, and subsidies on the investment were taken into account. For social dimensions, variables such as labor input and the wages paid were considered, whereas for the environmental context it was fertilizers and crop protection consumption.
The methodological approach considered the network analysis, using Stata software. Mainly edgelists and the bridge networks were explored for each pair of variables between the European Union countries in decreasing order, taking into account the respective values for each variable.
The network analysis for the pairs of variables (farming output-current subsidies, farming output-farming input, farming output-gross investment, gross investment-subsidies on investment, fertilizers-crop protection, and labor input-wages paid) shows that, in general, European Union countries have different levels for different variables; only a small number of member-states have the same levels. The pair of variables with the most countries with the same ranking level is farming output-farming input; that with the fewest countries matching is gross investment-subsidies on investment. Network rankings for the output-input reveal that farms that produce more also use more resources and have more costs, and vice-versa. In turn, the network rankings for the pair investment-subsidies on investment show that countries with a great level of gross investment are not the same as those that receive a high level of subsidies on investment. This conclusion needs a deeper analyses in future researches, because these findings may be a consequence of the subsidies on investment have been targeted for countries with more structural weakness in the farms (and this is good, because is the objective of the structural funds for the agricultural sector), or may be because some problems in the implementation of these subsidies.

"Acknowledgments
This work is financed by national funds through FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia, I.P., under the project UID/Multi/04016/2016. Furthermore we would like to thank the Instituto Politécnico de Viseu and CI&DETS for their support.".

Siyu Mou (p), Jinghua Sha , Jingjing Yan

Under the background of establishment of Xiong’an New District, Baoding City’s economic and social sustainable development faces multiple constraints such as industrial restructuring, shortage of surface water resources, over-exploitation of ground-water and deteriorating water environment.
This paper constructs a dynamic optimization simulation model consisting of socio-economic sub-model, water supply-demand sub-model and water environment sub-model based on input-output table analysis, and uses LINGO software to simulate the economic growth in different scenarios to explore an optimal policy combination for water resources allocation.
By calculating and comparing the impacts induced by the introduction of water pollution treatment technology and agronomic water-saving technologies, agricultural planting structure adjustment and industrial restructuring policies, as well as the pollution control policies of 14 terms from 2012 to 2025, the model obtains a global optimal solution under the comprehensive policy simulation. This paper also shows that the implementation effect of the policy combination is influenced by the diversity and efficiency of policies and constraint settings through tracing the changing trends in water resources supply and demand as well as the water pollutant discharge.
This study helps to realize regional sustainable development by coordinating the relationship among economic development, water consumption and water environment improvement.
keywords: dynamic optimization model; optimal policy combination; water resources allocation; sustainable development

Shinichi Muto (p)

Nepal is one of the countries that are rich in water resources, having more than 6,000 rivers, but is also the countries with insufficient drinking water supply. Supporting the same story, population of Kathmandu Valley is facing the chronic water shortages. Kathmandu Valley includes three districts, Kathmandu, Lalitpur and Bhaktapur with total population of around 2.5 million (CBS 2012). The population growth of Kathmandu Valley is 4% per year and is the fastest growing metropolitan in South Asia. With the increasing population, the demand of water in Kathmandu Valley has reached up to 367 million liters per day (MLD). But, only 90 MLD in dry and 130 MLD in wet season are currently being supplied by the sole water supplier i.e. Kathmandu Upatayaka Khanepani Limited (KUKL).
To meet the water demand, people generally use groundwater source or by from tanker water which is basically the extracted groundwater. Over-drafting of groundwater in Kathmandu Valley is thus recorded by many researchers. Increase in migration, pollution and daily lifestyle change is, thus, creating an adverse pressure on the water resources of Kathmandu Valley, especially for groundwater.
In order to resolve the groundwater problems, Melamchi river water distribution was then proposed and planned by Government of Nepal in 1973, which is the large scale inter-basin water diversion projects from Melamchi river of ASindfupalchowk district to Sundarijal of Kathmandu Valley. Until 2000, the project was estimated to be $464 million, which increased more later on.
This study eventually performs the economic analysis of the Melamchi water supply project at each area in Kathmandu Valley after the water supply policy set-up as the primary objective. However, analyzing the benefit of policy set-up in the sector, and comparing in between the different areas by assuming the same increment in water supply level are covered in this study as the secondary objectives.

Eun-yeol Oh (p), Bonghyun Jeong

Today, the population in city is so concentrated and overcrowding that the urban spatial structure is being artificially reorganized. The rapid increase in fossil fuels in countries and cities is a major contributor to global warming. As the industrialization and urbanization progress rapidly in the 21st century, the urban heat island phenomenon becomes more prominent. Especially urbanization accelerates urban residential and commercial areas while green areas are decreasing. As a result of it, the heat island phenomenon that the temperature of the air above the city becomes higher than the surrounding area due to the increase in the amount of the artificial heat and the air pollution, becomes a serious urban problem.
The heat island phenomenon of the city is caused by the expansion of artificial heat and air pollution, the increase in the temperature of artificial facilities and the decrease of green space. Due to the heat island phenomenon, the temperature in the urban area rises, but the temperature in the surrounding area is lower. In the urban area, the temperature is low when the green area is sufficient, and in the summer, there is also a phenomenon of tropical nights where the atmospheric temperature does not drop even at night.
Under the above background, the purpose of this paper is to theoretically examine the relationship between the TOD development factor and the urban heat island, and to grasp the actual situation and problems of the urban heat island phenomenon with the case of Gwangju Metropolitan City. In addition, it analyzes the effects of TOD development factor on urban heat island phenomenon focused upon on GMC, and suggests important policy directions of TOD for mitigating the urban heat island phenomenon.