Liliana Castillo-Rivero (p), Philip McCann, Frans Sijtsma

The generalized trend towards urbanization processes in the world has brought the depopulation and sometimes the disappearance of certain rural areas. We have a general question about it for the case of Mexico: What are the spatial transformations of the Mexican rural depopulating territories? The answers of this question depend significantly on the scale in which we observe the phenomenon: is it a national, state, municipal, or local manifestation? It depends, also, on the kind of territory we are observing: is it observed in plain or in mountainous areas? Is it observed over remote territories or over those which are proximate to urban areas? And, also, it depends on the kind of its remnant population: is it elderly, mostly female, what is their occupation, etc.? This paper, explicitly, aims to take a multi-scale perspective of the Mexican case of rural depopulation, identifying the different scales at which this phenomenon manifests, and the spatial aspects observed over the identified territories, such as the spatial relationship between them with the urban entities, and as for the local scale (villages), the physio-graphic features such as the altitude in which depopulating rural villages are located. This paper does not observe the socio-demographic aspect of the rural depopulating territories. This paper does not pretend to explain rural depopulation by finding processes involved within its causes and consequences over territories and populations, but take a back step to explore the emergence of the phenomenon over the National territory. This paper will serve as an exploratory and illustrative baseline for further investigations of the phenomenon oriented towards knowing more about the spatial transformations of depopulating territories and the role played by their geographical features, and their remnant populations features over such transformations.

Seong-Sil Hong (p), Yeong Kim (p), Jin-hee Cho

The Republic of Korea has undergone a great deal of growth by going through the high economic growth over the period of 40 and 50 years to rebuild the ruined city after the Korean War of 1950. To maximize the economic development, With rapid economic growth, the population has also increased at the same time. As a result, many people who were born during the economic growth period became older and their retirement has increased. The cases of the migration to rural areas of the retired people who had been tired with a urban life rapidly increased and the demand for returning to the rural areas around the nation increased because retuning to rural areas was brought to the fore as a new policy target in rural communities, However, they have suffered from difficulties in adapting to a rural life due to the poorer infrastructure factors in rural areas and the familiarity of the life pattern in urban areas, It made them leave rural areas. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of the re-returning of urban people who chose to rural areas by examining the reasons why urban people are returning to urban areas again. This study aims to analyze of the influential factors by classifying causes into factors and types to suggest solutions for re-returning. To be specific, it attempted to suggest the ways to reduce re-returning from rural areas by analyzing the motives and problems of returning to urban areas again according to classes and areas.
As methods of analysis, basic theoretical research and literature survey were used. Through the questionnaire survey, this study tried to determine the determinants of the re-migration of the people returning from rural areas to urban areas again by the logistic regression model. In this study, the cause of migrating to rural areas and returning again to urban areas were defined, migration types were identified, and the determinants of retuning to urban areas from rural areas again were derived by targeting Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, Based on the study results, it is judged that this study will be utilized as a basic material to solve the re-migration problem, which has been currently emerging by suggesting the ways to reduce the dropout rate of population in rural areas and make people settle down in rural areas.